Validity of the verbal immediacy scale
- 1 March 1995
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Taylor & Francis Ltd in Communication Research Reports
- Vol. 12 (1), 80-84
- https://doi.org/10.1080/08824099509362042
Abstract
The development and use of the verbal immediacy scale (Gorham, 1988) are outlined and discussed. Data are presented which bring into question the validity of the measure. It is concluded that the scale may not be a valid operationalization of the immediacy construct as outlined by Mehrabian (1971) and, even if it is, it generates a response set such that the meaning of the responses obtained is unknown. The scale is not recommended for continued use in communication research prior to its reformulation and additional testing for validity.Keywords
This publication has 4 references indexed in Scilit:
- The effects of teacher immediacy and clarity on instructional outcomes: An intercultural assessmentCommunication Education, 1990
- A comparison of teacher and student perceptions of immediacy and learning: Monitoring process and productCommunication Education, 1990
- The effects of verbal and nonverbal teacher immediacy on perceived cognitive, affective, and behavioral learning in the multicultural classroomCommunication Education, 1990
- The relationship between verbal teacher immediacy behaviors and student learningCommunication Education, 1988