Converting nanocrystalline metals into alloys and intermetallic compounds for applications in catalysis
- 22 November 2007
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC) in Journal of Materials Chemistry
- Vol. 18 (3), 275-282
- https://doi.org/10.1039/b712035d
Abstract
Multi-metal nanoparticles, particularly alloys and intermetallic compounds, are useful catalysts for a variety of chemical transformations. Supported intermetallic nanoparticle catalysts are usually prepared by depositing precursors onto a support followed by high-temperature annealing, which is necessary to generate the intermetallic compound but causes sintering and minimizes surface area. Here we show that solution chemistry methods for converting metal nanoparticles into intermetallic compounds are applicable to supported nanoparticle catalyst systems. Unsupported nanocrystalline Pt can be converted to nanocrystalline PtSn, PtPb, PtBi, and FePt3 by reaction with appropriate metal salt solutions under reducing conditions. Similar reactions convert Al2O3, CeO2, and carbon-supported Pt nanoparticles into PtSn, PtPb, PtSb, Pt3Sn, and Cu3Pt. These reactions generate supported alloy and intermetallic nanoparticles directly in solution without the need for high temperature annealing or additional surface stabilizers. These supported intermetallic nanoparticles are catalytically active for chemical transformations such as formic acid oxidation (PtPb/Vulcan) and CO oxidation (Pt3Sn/graphite). Notably, PtPb/Vulcan XC-72 was found to electrocatalytically oxidize formic acid at a lower onset potential (0.1 V) than commercial PtRu/Vulcan XC-72 (0.4 V).Keywords
This publication has 50 references indexed in Scilit:
- Oxidative Transformation of Intermetallic Nanoparticles: An Alternative Pathway to Metal/Oxide Nanocomposites, Textured Ceramics, and Nanocrystalline Multimetal OxidesChemistry of Materials, 2007
- Shape-Controlled Conversion of β-Sn Nanocrystals into Intermetallic M-Sn (M = Fe, Co, Ni, Pd) NanocrystalsJournal of the American Chemical Society, 2007
- Intermetallic PtPb Nanoparticles Prepared by Sodium Naphthalide Reduction of Metal-Organic Precursors: Electrocatalytic Oxidation of Formic AcidChemistry of Materials, 2006
- Synthesis, Characterization, and Electrocatalytic Activity of PtPb Nanoparticles Prepared by Two Synthetic ApproachesLangmuir, 2006
- Theoretical Evidence of PtSn Alloy Efficiency for CO OxidationJournal of the American Chemical Society, 2006
- Characterizations and catalytic properties of fine particles of Ni–Sn intermetallic compounds supported on SiO2Journal of Catalysis, 2004
- Bimetallic PtSn catalyst for selective CO oxidation in H2-rich gases at low temperaturesPhysical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 2001
- Synthesis of monodisperse Au, Pt, Pd, Ru and Ir nanoparticles in ethylene glycolNanostructured Materials, 1999
- Characterization of a Titanium‐Promoted Supported Platinum ElectrocatalystJournal of the Electrochemical Society, 1986
- Rare earth intermetallics as synthetic ammonia catalysts*1Journal of Catalysis, 1976