Wound complication of minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis in distal tibia fractures

Abstract

Nowadays, the use of minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) in the management of fracture of the distal tibia is common. The various advantages of the MIPO technique, namely, preserving blood supply and better bone healing, have been described extensively in the literature. However, this technique is not without complication. Among all the complications, infection is one of the commonest. In the last 3 years, we have performed 48 cases of MIPO in treating distal tibia fractures. Our study was to evaluate the clinical outcome of these cases, with special attention to the infection rate and our experience in managing these infection cases. Our results showed that the average time until the patient started to bear full weight was 9.4 weeks. The average time for bony union was 18.7 weeks. There were 7 cases of late infection among these 48 cases. The rate was 15%. The presence of late infection had no obvious effect on the time to bony union. Twenty-five patients (52%) had the implants removed and the most common reason was skin impingement by the implant. The clinical presentation and management of these late infections are discussed. In conclusion, MIPO fixation of distal tibia fractures using a metaphyseal locking plate is safe and efficient. However, complications such as late wound infection and impingement are relatively common. The overall clinical outcome is still good despite the presence of these complications.