MicroRNAs: Potential Biomarkers and Targets of Therapy in Allergic Diseases?
Open Access
- 28 May 2019
- journal article
- review article
- Published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH in Archivum Immunologiae Et Therapiae Experimentalis
- Vol. 67 (4), 213-223
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s00005-019-00547-4
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNA molecules that are 18–22 nucleotides long and highly conserved throughout evolution. Currently, they are considered one of the fundamental regulatory mechanisms of genes expression. It has been demonstrated that miRNAs are involved in many biologic processes, such as signal transduction, cell proliferation and differentiation, apoptosis and stress responses. More recently, the role of miRNA has also been revealed in numerous immunological and inflammatory disorders, including allergic inflammation. Specific miRNA profiles were demonstrated in asthma, allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis. A core set of miRNAs involved in atopic diseases include upregulated miR-21, miR-223, miR-146a, miR-142-5p, miR-142-3p, miR-146b, miR-155 and downregulated let-7 family, miR-193b and miR-375. Most of the involved miRNAs increase secretion of Th2 cytokines (miR-1248, miR-146b), decrease secretion of Th1 cytokines (miR-513-5p, miR-625-5p) or promote differentiation of T cells towards Th2 (miR-21, miR-19a). In asthma miR-140-3p, miR-708 and miR-142-3p play a role in hyperplasia and hypertrophy of bronchial smooth muscle cells. Some single miRNAs or, more probably, their sets hold the promise for their use as biomarkers of atopic diseases. They are also promising target of future therapies.Keywords
Funding Information
- Gdański Uniwersytet Medyczny (ST-554)
This publication has 104 references indexed in Scilit:
- The skin prick test – European standardsClinical and Translational Allergy, 2013
- Inhibition of microRNA function by antimiR oligonucleotidesSilence, 2012
- iASPP/p63 autoregulatory feedback loop is required for the homeostasis of stratified epitheliaThe EMBO Journal, 2011
- Altered expression of microRNA in the airway wall in chronic asthma: miR-126 as a potential therapeutic targetBMC Pulmonary Medicine, 2011
- MicroRNA let-7 establishes expression of β 2 -adrenergic receptors and dynamically down-regulates agonist-promoted down-regulationProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2011
- Proinflammatory Role for let-7 MicroRNAS in Experimental Asthma*Journal of Biological Chemistry, 2010
- MicroRNA Expression in Human Airway Smooth Muscle CellsAmerican Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology, 2010
- PTEN identified as important risk factor of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseRespiratory Medicine, 2009
- MicroRNA Expression Profiling in Mild Asthmatic Human Airways and Effect of Corticosteroid TherapyPLOS ONE, 2009
- MicroRNAs: Target Recognition and Regulatory FunctionsCell, 2009