The Utility of a Continuous Performance Test Embedded in Virtual Reality in Measuring ADHD-Related Deficits
- 1 February 2009
- journal article
- Published by Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) in Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics
- Vol. 30 (1), 2-6
- https://doi.org/10.1097/dbp.0b013e3181969b22
Abstract
Continuous performance tasks (CPT) are popular in the diagnostic process of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), providing an objective measure of attention for a disorder with otherwise subjective criteria. Aims of the study were to: (1) compare the performance of children with ADHD on a CPT embedded within a virtual reality classroom (VR-CPT) to the currently used Test of Variables of Attention (TOVA) CPT, and (2) assess how the VR environment is experienced. Thirty-seven boys, 9 to 17 years, with (n = 20) and without ADHD (n = 17) underwent 3 CPT's: VR-CPT, the same CPT without VR (No VR-CPT) and the TOVA. Immediately following CPT, subjects described their subjective experiences on the Short Feedback Questionnaire. Results were analyzed using analysis of variance with repeated measures. Children with ADHD performed poorer on all CPT's. The VR-CPT showed similar effect sizes to the TOVA. Subjective feelings of enjoyment were most positive for VR-CPT. The VR-CPT is a sensitive and user-friendly assessment tool to aid diagnosis in ADHD.Keywords
This publication has 10 references indexed in Scilit:
- Virtual reality as a leisure activity for young adults with physical and intellectual disabilitiesResearch in Developmental Disabilities, 2008
- Supporting diagnosis of attention-deficit hyperactive disorder with novelty detectionArtificial Intelligence in Medicine, 2008
- A Controlled Clinical Comparison of Attention Performance in Children with ADHD in a Virtual Reality Classroom Compared to Standard Neuropsychological MethodsChild Neuropsychology, 2007
- A Virtual Reality Scenario for All Seasons:The Virtual ClassroomCNS Spectrums, 2006
- Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorderThe Lancet, 2005
- Adapting an immersive virtual reality system for rehabilitationThe Journal of Visualization and Computer Animation, 2003
- The application of virtual reality technology in rehabilitation.Rehabilitation Psychology, 2001
- A Virtual Reality Environment for the Assessment of ADHDThe ADHD Report, 2001
- Reliability and Validity of a DSM-IV Based ADHD ScreenerChild Neuropsychology, 2000
- Error Patterns on the Continuous Performance Test in Non‐Medicated and Medicated Samples of Children With and Without ADHD: A Meta‐Analytic ReviewJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 1996