Synthetic Pyrethroid and Organophosphate Insecticides Against the Parasitoid Apanteles marginiventris and the Predators Geocoris punctipes, Hippodamia convergens, and Podisus maculiventris12346

Abstract

The parasitoid, Apanteles marginiventris (Cresson), and adult or nymphal predators, Geocoris Punctipes (Say), Hippodamia convergens (Guërin-Mëneville), and Podisus maculiventris (Say), were exposed by tarsal contact to filter paper impregnated with the synthetic pyrethroids fenvalerate and permethrin and the organophosphates sulprofos and profenofos. Mortality resulting from the recommended maximum and minimum concentrations after 5 days indicates a wide range of toxicity for the insecticides. The survival coefficients for the test species showed the order of toxicity for these compounds tested to be: fenvalerate <permethrin <sulprofos <profenofos. Survival of the parasitoid and the predators after exposure to maximum and minimum concentrations of the 2 pyrethroids was from 42 to 82%, while the survival of these species exposed to the oganophosphates would range from 14 to 29%.