Evaluating insecticide resistance across African districts to aid malaria control decisions
Open Access
- 8 September 2020
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
- Vol. 117 (36), 22042-22050
- https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2006781117
Abstract
Malaria vector control may be compromised by resistance to insecticides in vector populations. Actions to mitigate against resistance rely on surveillance using standard susceptibility tests, but there are large gaps in the monitoring data across Africa. Using a published geostatistical ensemble model, we have generated maps that bridge these gaps and consider the likelihood that resistance exceeds recommended thresholds. Our results show that this model provides more accurate next-year predictions than two simpler approaches. We have used the model to generate district-level maps for the probability that pyrethroid resistance in Anopheles gambiae s.l. exceeds the World Health Organization thresholds for susceptibility and confirmed resistance. In addition, we have mapped the three criteria for the deployment of piperonyl butoxide-treated nets that mitigate against the effects of metabolic resistance to pyrethroids. This includes a critical review of the evidence for presence of cytochrome P450-mediated metabolic resistance mechanisms across Africa. The maps for pyrethroid resistance are available on the IR Mapper website, where they can be viewed alongside the latest survey data.Keywords
Funding Information
- Wellcome (108440/Z/15/Z)
This publication has 35 references indexed in Scilit:
- Modelling the relative abundance of the primary African vectors of malaria before and after the implementation of indoor, insecticide-based vector controlMalaria Journal, 2016
- A global bionomic database for the dominant vectors of human malariaScientific Data, 2016
- Coverage and system efficiencies of insecticide-treated nets in Africa from 2000 to 2017eLife, 2015
- The effect of malaria control on Plasmodium falciparum in Africa between 2000 and 2015Nature, 2015
- Rise of multiple insecticide resistance in Anopheles funestus in Malawi: a major concern for malaria vector controlMalaria Journal, 2015
- Implementation of the global plan for insecticide resistance management in malaria vectors: progress, challenges and the way forwardMalaria Journal, 2015
- Providing open access data online to advance malaria research and controlMalaria Journal, 2013
- Effects of pyrethroid resistance on the cost effectiveness of a mass distribution of long-lasting insecticidal nets: a modelling studyMalaria Journal, 2013
- Bayesian geostatistics in health cartography: the perspective of malariaTrends in Parasitology, 2011
- Field efficacy of a new mosaic long-lasting mosquito net (PermaNet® 3.0) against pyrethroid-resistant malaria vectors: a multi centre study in Western and Central AfricaMalaria Journal, 2010