Prevalence of hypertension and its risk factors in southwest Ethiopia: a hospital-based cross-sectional survey
Open Access
- 1 July 2013
- journal article
- Published by Taylor & Francis Ltd in Integrated Blood Pressure Control
- Vol. 6, 111-117
- https://doi.org/10.2147/IBPC.S47298
Abstract
Background: Hypertension is a common medical condition worldwide. It is an important public health challenge because of the associated morbidity, mortality, and the cost to the society. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of hypertension and its risk factors among attendants of adult outpatient departments at Jimma University Specialized Hospital in southwest Ethiopia. Materials and methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 734 participants aged 15 years or older from May 2012 to June 2012. A pretested structured questionnaire consisting of characteristics related to sociodemographic profiles and risk factors for hypertension was used for data collection. Three separate measurements of blood pressure and relevant anthropometric evaluation were taken according to current recommended standards. Chi-square test and other statistical analyses were done to employ appropriate interpretations of the findings. P-values of <0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: The mean age of the participants was 42.3 ± 13.2 years and 71.7% of them were 35 years and older; 58% of them were females. Overall prevalence of hypertension – defined by systolic blood pressure ≥140 and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 or reporting history of hypertension – was found to be 13.2%. Only 35.1% of them were aware of their hypertension and only 23.7% were on treatment. The overall control rate was 15.5%. Family history of hypertension, having diabetes mellitus, being overweight, and oral contraceptive use were associated with high blood pressure. Conclusion: Hypertension was found to be prevalent; morbidity, awareness, treatment, and control in those with hypertension were low. Hence, intervention measures should be undertaken at the community level; particular emphasis should be placed on prevention by introducing lifestyle modifications and creating awareness about the problem so that early detection and intervention is possible.Keywords
This publication has 28 references indexed in Scilit:
- Prevalence and associated factors of hypertension among adults in Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia: a community based cross-sectional studyBMC Cardiovascular Disorders, 2012
- Population based prevalence of high blood pressure among adults in Addis Ababa: uncovering a silent epidemicBMC Cardiovascular Disorders, 2009
- Continued Improvement in Hypertension Management in EnglandHypertension, 2009
- Hypertension in Delhi: prevalence, awareness, treatment and controlTropical Doctor, 2007
- Hypertension ControlHypertension, 2007
- Global burden of hypertension: analysis of worldwide dataThe Lancet, 2005
- Prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension in North America, North Africa and AsiaJournal of Human Hypertension, 2004
- Prediction of abdominal visceral obesity from body mass index, waist circumference and waist-hip ratio in Chinese adults: receiver operating characteristic curves analysis.2003
- Hypertension Prevalence and Blood Pressure Levels in 6 European Countries, Canada, and the United StatesJAMA, 2003
- The effects of environmental and lifestyle factors on blood pressure and the intermediary role of the sympathetic nervous system.1997