Exercise for Women — How Much Pain for Optimal Gain?

Abstract

Regular physical activity is important for health and has been linked to a reduced risk of numerous chronic diseases.¹ Nonetheless, fewer than half of American adults engage in regular exercise.² A recent federal recommendation regarding regular exercise³ was based on three major considerations: the potential health benefits, safety, and feasibility of different amounts and intensities of physical activity. This recommendation applies to both men and women, but safety is particularly relevant to women, since exercise of high intensity and long duration may lead to menstrual and reproductive dysfunction. Given the potential differences between men and women in the balance of . . .