Effectiveness of a Spot Urine Method in Evaluating Daily Salt Intake in Hypertensive Patients Taking Oral Antihypertensive Drugs
- 1 January 2006
- journal article
- clinical trial
- Published by Japanese Society of Hypertension in Hypertension Research
- Vol. 29 (6), 397-402
- https://doi.org/10.1291/hypres.29.397
Abstract
Kawasaki et al. developed a spot urine method (SUM) for evaluating daily salt intake using one pre-breakfast sample obtained after initial voiding upon arising. Their subjects were healthy persons who were not taking any regular medications. To determine whether SUM can be successfully used for patients taking antihypertensive drugs, we estimated daily salt intake in 73 hypertensive patients by SUM and by a food consumption method (FCM) when they were at home, and also by SUM in the hospital with a defined intake of 7 g of sodium chloride (NaCl). Forty-one patients took oral antihypertensive medications once daily, while 32 patients took none. Mean daily salt intakes by SUM during admission were 7-8 g of NaCl in both groups (95% confidence intervals: 5.0-10.6 g in the medication group; 5.2-11.1 g in the no-medication group), which corresponded well to the diet. In contrast, ambulatory daily salt intake by SUM varied widely (95% confidence intervals: 5.5-20.7 g in the medication group; 7.6-22.8 g in the no-medication group). However, the daily salt intakes determined by SUM and FCM correlated significantly with each other in the medication group (r=0.69, p<0.01) and the no-medication group (r=0.66, p<0.01). SUM is therefore a reliable method for evaluating daily salt intake in patients taking antihypertensive medication as well as unmedicated patients.Keywords
This publication has 23 references indexed in Scilit:
- Links Between Dietary Salt Intake, Renal Salt Handling, Blood Pressure, and Cardiovascular DiseasesPhysiological Reviews, 2005
- Guidelines for management of hypertension: report of the fourth working party of the British Hypertension Society, 2004—BHS IVJournal of Human Hypertension, 2004
- The Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood PressureThe JNC 7 ReportJAMA, 2003
- Urinary Excretion of Sodium and Potassium in a Screened Cohort in Okinawa, Japan.Hypertension Research, 2002
- Effect Of Age On Renal Functional And Orthostatic Vascular Response In Healthy MenClinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology, 2001
- Salt sensitivity in hypertension. Renal and cardiovascular implications.Hypertension, 1994
- Efficacy and mode of action of manidipine: A new calcium antagonistAmerican Heart Journal, 1993
- A SIMPLE METHOD FOR ESTIMATING 24 H URINARY SODIUM AND POTASSIUM EXCRETION FROM SECOND MORNING VOIDING URINE SPECIMEN IN ADULTSClinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology, 1993
- Acute Effect of Captopril on Aldosterone Secretory Responses to Endogenous or Exogenous Adrenocorticotropin*Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 1988
- Effects of prazosin therapy on BP, renal function, and body fluid compositionArchives of Internal Medicine, 1984