Can exercise ameliorate treatment toxicity during the initial phase of testosterone deprivation in prostate cancer patients? Is this more effective than delayed rehabilitation?
Open Access
- 26 September 2012
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Springer Science and Business Media LLC in BMC Cancer
- Vol. 12 (1), 432
- https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2407-12-432
Abstract
There has been substantial increase in use of androgen deprivation therapy as adjuvant management of prostate cancer. However, this leads to a range of musculoskeletal toxicities including reduced bone mass and increased skeletal fractures compounded with rapid metabolic alterations, including increased body fat, reduced lean mass, insulin resistance and negative lipoprotein profile, increased incidence of cardiovascular and metabolic morbidity, greater distress and reduced quality of life. Numerous research studies have demonstrated certain exercise prescriptions to be effective at preventing or even reversing these treatment toxicities. However, all interventions to date have been of rehabilitative intent being implemented after a minimum of 3 months since initiation of androgen deprivation, by which time considerable physical and psychological health problems have manifested. The pressing question is whether it is more efficacious to commence exercise therapy at the same time as initiating androgen deprivation, so treatment induced adverse effects can be immediately attenuated or indeed prevented. We are proposing a multi-site randomized controlled trial with partial crossover to examine the effects of timing of exercise implementation (immediate or delayed) on preserving long-term skeletal health, reversing short- and long-term metabolic and cardiovascular risk factors, and supporting mental health in men receiving androgen deprivation therapy. 124 men who are about to initiate androgen deprivation for prostate cancer will be randomized to immediate or delayed groups. Immediate will commence a 6-month exercise program within 7–10 days of their first dose. Delayed will receive usual care for 6 months and then commence the exercise program for 6 months (partial cross-over). Immediate will be free to adopt the lifestyle of their choosing following the initial 6-month intervention. Measurements for primary and secondary endpoints will take place at baseline, 6 months and 12 months. This project is unique as it explores a fundamental question of when exercise implementation will be of most benefit and addresses both physical and psychological consequences of androgen deprivation initiation. The final outcome may be adjunct treatment which will reduce if not prevent the toxicities of androgen deprivation, ultimately resulting in reduced morbidity and mortality for men with prostate cancer. ACTRN12612000097842Keywords
This publication has 54 references indexed in Scilit:
- Efficacy and safety of a modular multi-modal exercise program in prostate cancer patients with bone metastases: a randomized controlled trialBMC Cancer, 2011
- Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease During Androgen Deprivation Therapy: Observational Study of Veterans With Prostate CancerJNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 2009
- A randomized controlled trial of an exercise intervention targeting cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors for prostate cancer patients from the RADAR trialBMC Cancer, 2009
- A phase III clinical trial of exercise modalities on treatment side-effects in men receiving therapy for prostate cancerBMC Cancer, 2009
- Adipocytokines, Obesity, and Insulin Resistance During Combined Androgen Blockade for Prostate CancerUrology, 2008
- Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease During Androgen Deprivation Therapy for Prostate CancerJournal of Clinical Oncology, 2006
- Adverse effects to quality of life arising from treatment can recover with intermittent androgen suppression in men with prostate cancerEuropean Journal Of Cancer, 2006
- Resistance Exercise Dosage in Older Adults: Single‐ Versus Multiset Effects on Physical Performance and Body CompositionJournal of the American Geriatrics Society, 2005
- The European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer QLQ-C30: A Quality-of-Life Instrument for Use in International Clinical Trials in OncologyJNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 1993
- The theory of planned behaviorOrganizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 1991