Early Control of Highly Pathogenic Simian Immunodeficiency Virus/Human Immunodeficiency Virus Chimeric Virus Infections in Rhesus Monkeys Usually Results in Long-Lasting Asymptomatic Clinical Outcomes
Open Access
- 15 October 2003
- journal article
- research article
- Published by American Society for Microbiology in Journal of Virology
- Vol. 77 (20), 10829-10840
- https://doi.org/10.1128/jvi.77.20.10829-10840.2003
Abstract
In contrast to simian immunodeficiency viruses (SIVs), which induce immunodeficiency over a 1- to 2-year period, highly pathogenic simian-human immunodeficiency viruses (SHIVs) cause an irreversible and systemic depletion of CD4+T lymphocytes in macaque monkeys within weeks of inoculation. Nonetheless, the seemingly more aggressive SHIVs have proven to be easier to control by the same vaccine regimens which fail to contain SIV. Because early events during in vivo infections may determine both the pathogenic consequences of the challenge virus and its sensitivity to interventions that prevent disease, we have evaluated the effects of inoculum size and a potent antiretroviral drug on the development of disease in monkeys infected with SHIVDH12R. The results obtained show that in a majority of inoculated animals, suppression of SHIV replication during the first 2 weeks of infection, which prevents complete loss of CD4+T cells, leads to very low to undetectable postpeak viremia and an asymptomatic clinical course for periods up to 4 years.Keywords
This publication has 45 references indexed in Scilit:
- Trafficking of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1-Specific CD8+T Cells to Gut-Associated Lymphoid Tissue during Chronic InfectionJournal of Virology, 2003
- Global Dysfunction of CD4 T-Lymphocyte Cytokine Expression in Simian-Human Immunodeficiency Virus/SIV-Infected Monkeys Is Prevented by VaccinationJournal of Virology, 2003
- Vaginal CD4+T Cells Express High Levels of CCR5 and Are Rapidly Depleted in Simian Immunodeficiency Virus InfectionThe Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2003
- Macaques with Rapid Disease Progression and Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Encephalitis Have a Unique Cytokine Profile in Peripheral Lymphoid TissuesJournal of Virology, 2001
- Enhanced levels of functional HIV-1 co-receptors on human mucosal T cells demonstrated using intestinal biopsy tissueAIDS, 2000
- Effects of (R)-9-(2-Phosphonylmethoxypropyl)adenine Monotherapy on Chronic SIV Infection in MacaquesAIDS Research and Human Retroviruses, 1997
- Pathogenic diversity of simian immunodeficiency virusesVirus Research, 1994
- Induction of AIDS in Rhesus Monkeys by Molecularly Cloned Simian Immunodeficiency VirusScience, 1990
- Statistics from the World Health Organization and the Centers for Disease ControlAIDS, 1989
- Long-term Persistent Infection of Macaque Monkeys with the Simian Immunodeficiency VirusJournal of General Virology, 1987