Degradation of Phenanthrene and Anthracene by Cell Suspensions ofMycobacteriumsp. Strain PYR-1
Open Access
- 1 April 2001
- journal article
- research article
- Published by American Society for Microbiology in Applied and Environmental Microbiology
- Vol. 67 (4), 1476-1483
- https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.67.4.1476-1483.2001
Abstract
Cultures ofMycobacteriumsp. strain PYR-1 were dosed with anthracene or phenanthrene and after 14 days of incubation had degraded 92 and 90% of the added anthracene and phenanthrene, respectively. The metabolites were extracted and identified by UV-visible light absorption, high-pressure liquid chromatography retention times, mass spectrometry,1H and13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry, and comparison to authentic compounds and literature data. Neutral-pH ethyl acetate extracts from anthracene-incubated cells showed four metabolites, identified ascis-1,2-dihydroxy-1,2-dihydroanthracene, 6,7-benzocoumarin, 1-methoxy-2-hydroxyanthracene, and 9,10-anthraquinone. A novel anthracene ring fission product was isolated from acidified culture media and was identified as 3-(2-carboxyvinyl)naphthalene-2-carboxylic acid. 6,7-Benzocoumarin was also found in that extract. WhenMycobacteriumsp. strain PYR-1 was grown in the presence of phenanthrene, three neutral metabolites were identified ascis- andtrans-9,10-dihydroxy-9,10-dihydrophenanthrene andcis-3,4-dihydroxy-3,4-dihydrophenanthrene. Phenanthrene ring fission products, isolated from acid extracts, were identified as 2,2′-diphenic acid, 1-hydroxynaphthoic acid, and phthalic acid. The data point to the existence, next to already known routes for both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, of alternative pathways that might be due to the presence of different dioxygenases or to a relaxed specificity of the same dioxygenase for initial attack on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.Keywords
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