Conflict Between Managers and Workers: The Role of Cooperation and Competition

Abstract
Deutsch's (1973) theory of cooperative and competitive goals was tested on the dynamics and outcomes of conflict in a field study involving two organizations in Singapore. Cooperative goals, effective interaction during the conflict, and prior strong work relationships were associated with positive outcomes. The results suggest reasons for cooperative versus competitive goals in conflicts, types of issues that provoke conflicts, and the role of procedures in conflicts. Deutsch's theory generalized to organizations in a non-Western society.