Application of novel dual wave meal bolus and its impact on glycated hemoglobin A1c level in children with type 1 diabetes
- 28 July 2009
- journal article
- Published by Hindawi Limited in Pediatric Diabetes
- Vol. 10 (5), 298-303
- https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-5448.2008.00471.x
Abstract
Background: An insulin pump is an advanced technology offering new options of bolus – normal (N), dual wave (D-W) or square wave (S-W) bolus to deliver mealtime insulin. Objectives: To assess the impact of D-W/S-W boluses on metabolic control (glycated haemoglobin A1c, HbA1c) and to estimate the paediatric patients compliance with implementation of this system in daily practice. Methods: The cross-sectional study included 499 records of patients aged 0–18 yr. Data from the insulin pump memory provided information on the number of D-W/S-W boluses during a 2-wk period, the insulin requirement (U/kg/d) and the percentage of basal insulin. The HbA1c value (%) and the patient’s weight were determined during medical examinations. Mealtime dose of insulin in D-W/S-W bolus was calculated based on the amount of carbohydrate and fat/protein products. Results: The number of applied D-W/S-W boluses was 16.6 ± 0.77/14 d (ranged 0–95), while 18.8% of patients did not program D-W/S-W boluses. The lowest HbA1c value was found in the group using two and/or more D-W/S-W boluses per day (p = 0.001) compared with the group administrating less than one D-W/S-W bolus/d. Patients with HbA1c level <7.5% had a statistically higher relevant number of D-W/S-W boluses, 19.55 (95% CI: 17.44–21.65) vs. 12.42 (95% CI: 10.22–14.61) (p < 0.001), while there was no correlation between the number of boluses and HbA1c in patients in the remission phase (<0.5 IU/kg/d) (r = 0.012, p = 0.930). Conclusions: Patients using at least one D-W/S-W bolus per day achieved a recommended level of HbA1c. Paediatric patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus were found to be able to apply D-W/S-W boluses in daily self-treatment process based on food counting.Keywords
This publication has 11 references indexed in Scilit:
- Establishing glycaemic control with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes: experience of the PedPump Study in 17 countriesDiabetologia, 2008
- Assessment and monitoring of glycemic control in children and adolescents with diabetesPediatric Diabetes, 2007
- A cross-sectional international survey of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion in 377 children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus from 10 countriesPediatric Diabetes, 2005
- Optimal Insulin Pump Dosing and Postprandial Glycemia Following a Pizza Meal Using the Continuous Glucose Monitoring SystemDiabetes Technology & Therapeutics, 2005
- Clinical and cost-effectiveness of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion for diabetesHealth Technology Assessment, 2004
- Insulin Pump TherapyDiabetes Care, 2003
- Post‐prandial glucose excursions following four methods of bolus insulin administration in subjects with Type 1 diabetesDiabetic Medicine, 2002
- Glycaemic control with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion compared with intensive insulin injections in patients with type 1 diabetes: meta-analysis of randomised controlled trialsBMJ, 2002
- Evidence for a physiologic role of pancreatic glucagon in human glucose homeostasis: Studies with somatostatinMetabolism, 1975
- Glucagon: Role in the Hyperglycemia of Diabetes MellitusScience, 1975