On the Composition of the Preimmune Repertoire of T Cells Specific for Peptide–Major Histocompatibility Complex Ligands
- 1 March 2010
- journal article
- review article
- Published by Annual Reviews in Annual Review of Immunology
- Vol. 28 (1), 275-294
- https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-immunol-030409-101253
Abstract
Millions of T cells are produced in the thymus, each expressing a unique α/β T cell receptor (TCR) capable of binding to a foreign peptide in the binding groove of a host major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecule. T cell–mediated immunity to infection is due to the proliferation and differentiation of rare clones in the preimmune repertoire that by chance express TCRs specific for peptide-MHC (pMHC) ligands derived from the microorganism. Here we review recent findings that have altered our understanding of how the preimmune repertoire is established. Recent structural studies indicate that a germline-encoded tendency of TCRs to bind MHC molecules contributes to the MHC bias of T cell repertoires. It has also become clear that the preimmune repertoire contains functionally heterogeneous subsets including recent thymic emigrants, mature naive phenotype cells, memory phenotype cells, and natural regulatory T cells. In addition, sensitive new detection methods have revealed that the repertoire of naive phenotype T cells consists of distinct pMHC-specific populations that consistently vary in size in different individuals. The implications of these new findings for the clonal selection theory, self-tolerance, and immunodominance are discussed.Keywords
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