In an early branching metazoan, bacterial colonization of the embryo is controlled by maternal antimicrobial peptides
Open Access
- 4 October 2010
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
- Vol. 107 (42), 18067-18072
- https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1008573107
Abstract
Early embryos of many organisms develop outside the mother and are immediately confronted with myriads of potential colonizers. How these naive developmental stages control and shape the bacterial colonization is largely unknown. Here we show that early embryonic stages of the basal metazoan Hydra are able to control bacterial colonization by using maternal antimicrobial peptides. Antimicrobial peptides of the periculin family selecting for a specific bacterial colonization during embryogenesis are produced in the oocyte and in early embryos. If overexpressed in hydra ectodermal epithelial cells, periculin1a drastically reduces the bacterial load, indicating potent antimicrobial activity. Unexpectedly, transgenic polyps also revealed that periculin, in addition to bactericidal activity, changes the structure of the bacterial community. These findings delineate a role for antimicrobial peptides both in selecting particular bacterial partners during development and as important components of a “be prepared” strategy providing transgenerational protection.Keywords
This publication has 42 references indexed in Scilit:
- Cutaneous Bacteria of the Redback Salamander Prevent Morbidity Associated with a Lethal DiseasePLOS ONE, 2010
- Activity of the Novel Peptide Arminin against Multiresistant Human Pathogens Shows the Considerable Potential of Phylogenetically Ancient Organisms as Drug SourcesAntimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 2009
- Enteric defensins are essential regulators of intestinal microbial ecologyNature Immunology, 2009
- More than just orphans: are taxonomically-restricted genes important in evolution?Trends in Genetics, 2009
- Facultative but persistent trans-generational immunity via the mother's eggs in bumblebeesCurrent Biology, 2007
- Long-term maintenance of species-specific bacterial microbiota in the basal metazoan HydraProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2007
- Embryo stability and vulnerability in an always changing worldProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2007
- Discovery of genes expressed in Hydra embryogenesisDevelopmental Biology, 2006
- UniFrac: a New Phylogenetic Method for Comparing Microbial CommunitiesApplied and Environmental Microbiology, 2005
- Cell lineages in Hydra: Isolation and characterization of an interstitial stem cell restricted to egg production in Hydra oligactisDevelopmental Biology, 1991