Local Anesthetic-Induced Cardiac Toxicity: A Survey of Contemporary Practice Strategies Among Academic Anesthesiology Departments

Abstract

Though new local anesthetics (LA), effective test-dosing, and new regional anesthetic techniques may have improved the safety of regional anesthesia, the optimal management plan for LA-induced cardiac toxicity remains uncertain. Accordingly, we evaluated current approaches to LA cardiotoxicity among academic anesthesiology departments in the United States. A 19-question survey regarding regional anesthesia practices and approaches to LA cardiac toxicity was sent to the 135 academic anesthesiology departments listed by the Society of Academic Anesthesiology Chairs-Association of Anesthesiology Program Directors. Ninety-one anonymously completed questionnaires were returned, at a response rate of 67%. The respondents were categorized into groups according to the number of peripheral nerve blocks (PNBs) performed each month: >70 PNBs (38%), 51-70 PNBs (13%), 31-50 PNBs (20%), 11-30 PNBs (23%), and 70 PNBs were 1.7-times more likely to use ropivacaine (NS), 3.9-times more likely to consider lipid emulsion infusions for resuscitation (P = 0.008), and equally as likely to have an established plan for use of invasive mechanical cardiopulmonary support in the event of LA cardiotoxicity (NS) than low-PNB volume centers. We conclude that there are differences in the management and preparedness for treatment of LA toxicity among institutions, but the safety implications of these differences are undetermined.