Generalization of Faraday’s Law to Include Nonconservative Spin Forces
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- 15 June 2007
- journal article
- research article
- Published by American Physical Society (APS) in Physical Review Letters
- Vol. 98 (24), 246601
- https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.98.246601
Abstract
The usual Faraday’s Law determines an electromotive force which accounts only for forces resulting from the charge of electrons. In ferromagnetic materials, in general, there exist nonconservative spin forces which also contribute to . These might be included in Faraday’s Law if the magnetic flux is replaced by , where is a Berry phase suitably averaged over the electron spin direction. These contributions to represent the requirements of energy conservation in itinerant ferromagnets with time dependent order parameters.
Keywords
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