Inhibition of coxsackie B3 virus induced myocarditis in mice by 2‐(3,4‐dichlorophenoxy)‐5‐nitrobenzonitrile
- 18 December 2003
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Wiley in Journal of Medical Virology
- Vol. 72 (2), 263-267
- https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.10570
Abstract
Myocarditis is a common cause of dilated cardiomyopathy, one of the most important single causes of heart transplantation. Coxsackie B viruses (CBV) are considered to be the principal etiological agents of viral myocarditis and direct virus-induced damage to the heart tissue has been suggested to be the main mechanism underlying myocarditis in the murine model [Horwitz et al. 2000 Nat Med 6:693–697]. We demonstrate that 2-(3,4-dichloro-phenoxy)-5-nitrobenzonitrile (DNB), a compound that was earlier shown to exhibit broad-spectrum anti-picornavirus activity is also markedly active against CBV replication in primary human myocard fibroblast. To challenge the hypothesis of [Horwitz et al. 2000 Nat Med 6:693–697] we assessed whether DNB is able to prevent the development of CBV-induced myocarditis in a murine model. Subcutaneous (s.c.) administration of DNB at 250 mg/kg/day, at multiple injection sites (m.i.s.), for a period of seven consecutive days (starting at 1 day before infection) to 4-week old C3H-mice resulted in a (i) 62% reduction in the number of myocarditis foci as compared to the untreated control animals (p = 1.7 × 10−10) and (ii) a concomitant reduction in viral titers in the heart. These findings indicate that selective inhibition of the replication of CBV may have a beneficial effect on the development of viral myocarditis and confirms that direct viral induced damage is the main mechanism underlying CBV-induced myocarditis. Early diagnosis of virus-induced myocarditis will likely be mandatory for an antiviral drug treatment regimen to achieve its greatest clinical benefit. J. Med. Virol. 72:263–267, 2004.Keywords
This publication has 13 references indexed in Scilit:
- Enteroviral Myocarditis and Dilated Cardiomyopathy: a Review of Clinical and Experimental StudiesPublished by American Society for Microbiology ,2014
- Severe Coxsackie virus B infection in preterm newborns treated with pleconarilEuropean Journal of Pediatrics, 2002
- Pancreatic expression of interferon-γ protects mice from lethal coxsackievirus B3 infection and subsequent myocarditisNature Medicine, 2000
- From Myocarditis to Cardiomyopathy: Mechanisms of Inflammation and Cell DeathCirculation, 1999
- Coxsackievirus B3-Induced Myocarditis: Perforin Exacerbates Disease, But Plays No Detectable Role in Virus ClearanceThe American Journal of Pathology, 1998
- Coxsackie B Viruses and Human Heart DiseasePublished by Springer Science and Business Media LLC ,1997
- Viral myocarditis: A paradigm for understanding the pathogenesis and treatment of dilated cardiomyopathyJournal of the American College of Cardiology, 1993
- Ribavirin treatment of murine coxsackievirus B3myocarditis with analyses of lymphocyte subsetsJournal of the American College of Cardiology, 1988
- Activity of 2-(3,4-dichlorophenoxy)-5-nitrobenzonitrile (MDL-860) against picornaviruses in vitroAntimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 1982
- Antiviral activity and mechanism of action of 2-(3,4-dichlorophenoxy)-5-nitrobenzonitrile (MDL-860)Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 1982