Can Global Warming Strengthen the East Asian Summer Monsoon?
Open Access
- 15 December 2010
- journal article
- research article
- Published by American Meteorological Society in Journal of Climate
- Vol. 23 (24), 6696-6705
- https://doi.org/10.1175/2010jcli3434.1
Abstract
The Indian summer monsoon (ISM) tends to be intensified in a global-warming scenario, with a weakened linkage with El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO), but how the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) responds is still an open question. This study investigates the responses of the EASM from observations, theoretical, and modeling perspectives. Observational and theoretical evidence demonstrates that, in contrast to the dramatic global-warming trend within the past 50 years, the regional-mean EASM rainfall is basically dominated by considerable interannual-to-decadal fluctuations, concurrent with enhanced precipitation over the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and over southern Japan and suppressed rainfall amount over the South China and Philippine Seas. From 1958 through 2008, the EASM circulation exhibits a southward shift in its major components (the subtropical westerly jet stream, the western Pacific Ocean subtropical high, the subtropical mei-yu–baiu–changma front, and the tropical monsoon trough). Such a southward shift is very likely or in part due to the meridional asymmetric warming with the most prominent surface warming in the midhigh latitudes (45°–60°N), which induces a weakened meridional thermal contrast over eastern Asia. Another notable feature is the enhanced ENSO–EASM relationship within the past 50 years, which is opposite to the ISM. Fourteen state-of-the-art coupled models from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change show that the EASM strength does not respond with any pronounced trend to the global-warming “A1B” forcing scenario (with an atmospheric CO2 concentration of 720 ppm) but shows interannual-to-decadal variations in the twenty-first century (2000–99). These results indicate that the primary response of the EASM to a warming climate may be a position change instead of an intensity change, and such position change may lead to spatial coexistence of floods and droughts over eastern Asia as has been observed in the past 50 years.Keywords
This publication has 49 references indexed in Scilit:
- Impact of anthropogenic forcing on the Asian summer monsoon as simulated by eight GCMsGeophysical Research Letters, 2006
- Occurrence of droughts and floods during the normal summer monsoons in the mid‐ and lower reaches of the Yangtze RiverGeophysical Research Letters, 2006
- Simulated change of the east Asian circulation under global warming scenarioGeophysical Research Letters, 2005
- Recent Climate Trends in the East Asia During the Baiu Season of 1979-2003SOLA, 2005
- Tropospheric cooling and summer monsoon weakening trend over East AsiaGeophysical Research Letters, 2004
- Long‐term climate variations in China and global warming signalsPublished by American Geophysical Union (AGU) ,2003
- A unified monsoon indexGeophysical Research Letters, 2002
- ENSO‐monsoon relationships in a greenhouse warming scenarioGeophysical Research Letters, 2001
- Intensified Asian Summer Monsoon and its variability in a coupled model forced by increasing greenhouse gas concentrationsGeophysical Research Letters, 2000
- Surface air temperature and its changes over the past 150 yearsReviews of Geophysics, 1999