Introduction of a wavelet transform based on 2D matched filter in a Markov random field for fine structure extraction: application on road crack detection

Abstract
In the context of fine structure extraction, lots of methods have been introduced, and, particularly in pavement crack detection. We can distinguish approaches based on a threshold, employing mathematical morphology tools or neuron networks and, more recently, techniques with transformations, like wavelet decomposition. The goal of this paper is to introduce a 2D matched filter in order to define an adapted mother wavelet and, then, to use the result of this multi-scale detection into a Markov Random Field (MRF) process to segment fine structures of the image. Four major contributions are introduced. First, the crack signal is replaced by a more real one based on a Gaussian function which best represents the crack. Second, in order to be more realistic, i.e. to have a good representation of the crack signal, we use a 2D definition of the matched filter based on a 2D texture auto-correlation and a 2D crack signal. The third and fourth improvements concern the Markov network designed in order to allow cracks to be a set of connected segments with different size and position. For this part, the number of configurations of sites and potential functions of the MRF model are completed.