When Integration Does Not Necessarily Imply Integration

Abstract
This study compared three conceptualizations of acculturation orientations (i.e., contact, adoption, and identification) in two samples of ethnic minority members (N= 290) in Belgium. In line with the hypotheses, these conceptualizations yielded substantially different distributions of participants across four acculturation orientations (i.e., integration, assimilation, separation, and marginalization): Integration was the most popular orientation according to the contact conceptualization, but separation was the most popular one according to the adoption and identification conceptualization.