Direct and indirect memory tests: What they reveal about age differences in interference
- 1 December 1994
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Informa UK Limited in Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition
- Vol. 1 (4), 292-309
- https://doi.org/10.1080/13825589408256583
Abstract
The effects of interference on memory in younger and older adults were examined in a series of three experiments. In the study task, subjects were presented with a series of sentences, each having both a target, to-be-remembered ending, and a nontarget ending. Older adults showed equal priming of targets and nontargets on an indirect memory test (Experiment 1), whereas younger adults showed greater priming of the targets. In contrast, on direct memory tests (Experiments 2 and 3) both age groups were more accurate for targets than nontargets. This pattern of results is interpreted as evidence that age differences in interference involve selective attention mechanisms, but not elaborative rehearsal processes.Keywords
This publication has 33 references indexed in Scilit:
- Aging and the inhibition of spatial location.Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 1993
- Level of processing affects priming in word fragment completion.Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 1992
- Age and the availability of inferences.Psychology and Aging, 1992
- Aging and suppression: Memory for previously relevant information.Psychology and Aging, 1991
- Age and inhibition.Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 1991
- Investigating dissociations among memory measures: Support for a transfer-appropriate processing framework.Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 1989
- Adult age differences in implicit and explicit memory: Time course and encoding effects.Psychology and Aging, 1988
- Completion norms for 329 sentence contextsMemory & Cognition, 1980
- Processing Consequences of Perceptual Grouping in Selective AttentionJournal of Gerontology, 1980
- “Mini-mental state”: A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinicianJournal of Psychiatric Research, 1975