Measurement Techniques to Monitor and Control Fluidization Quality in Fluidized Bed Dryers: A Review
- 22 May 2014
- journal article
- review article
- Published by Taylor & Francis Ltd in Drying Technology
- Vol. 32 (9), 1005-1051
- https://doi.org/10.1080/07373937.2014.899250
Abstract
Fluidized bed dryers (FBD) are commonly employed in many industries to dry particulate solids. FBDs provide good solids mixing, high rates of heat and mass transfer, and relative ease of material handling. For efficient operation, it is important to be able to monitor and control the fluidization regime, particle size distribution (PSD), moisture content, and bulk density as well as product chemical properties. This review provides an overview of the trends in the application of different experimental techniques to monitor and control the hydrodynamic conditions of FBDs which influence the particle physiochemical properties. This review covers a wide range of measurement techniques, including infrared moisture sensor (IR), near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy, analysis of pressure fluctuations, optical imaging techniques, acoustic emission (AE), electrical capacitance tomography (ECT), spatial filter velocimetry (SFV), Raman spectroscopy, focused beam reflectance measurement (FBRM), microwave resonance technology (MRT), triboelectric probes, positron emission particle tracking (PEPT), and some novel techniques for monitoring and control of FBDs. The present review summarizes the use of the diverse techniques and outlines their merits and limitations. Prospects for future research in this area are also identified. The measurement techniques can be used for research, development, and operation of fluidized bed equipment used in non-drying applications as well.Keywords
Funding Information
- The authors would like to extend their appreciation for financial support provided by the National Elites Foundation of Iran and the Iran National Science Foundation (Grant no. G011).
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