Adaptive Air-to-Ground Secure Communication System Based on ADS-B and Wide-Area Multilateration
- 1 June 2015
- journal article
- Published by Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) in IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology
- Vol. 65 (5), 3150-3165
- https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2015.2438171
Abstract
A novel air-to-ground (ATG) communication system, which is based on adaptive modulation and beamforming enabled by automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast (ADS-B) and multilateration techniques, is presented in this paper. From an aircraft geolocation perspective, the proposed multilateration technique uses the time-difference-of-arrival (TDOA), angle-of-arrival (AOA), and frequency-difference-of-arrival (FDOA) features within the ADS-B signal to implement the hybrid geolocation mechanism. Moreover, this hybrid mechanism aims for the optimal selection of multilateration sensors to provide a precise aircraft geolocation estimate by minimizing the geometric dilution-of-precision (GDOP) metric and imparts significant resilience to the current ADS-B-based geolocation framework to withstand any form of attack involving aircraft impersonation and ADS-B message infringement. From an ATG communication perspective, the ground base stations can use this hybrid aircraft geolocation estimate to dynamically adapt their modulation parameters and transmission beampattern in an effort to provide a high-data-rate secure ATG communication link. Additionally, we develop a hardware prototype that is highly accurate in estimating AOA data and facilitating TDOA and FDOA extraction associated with the received ADS-B signal. This hardware setup for the ADS-B-based ATG system is analytically established and validated with commercially available universal software-defined radio peripheral units. This hardware setup displays 1.5° AOA estimation accuracy, whereas the simulated geolocation accuracy is approximately 30 m over 100 nautical miles for a typical aircraft trajectory. The adaptive modulation and beamforming approach assisted by the proposed GDOP-minimization-based multilateration strategy achieves significant enhancement in throughput and reduction in packet error rate.Keywords
This publication has 22 references indexed in Scilit:
- ATC trajectory reconstruction for automated evaluation of sensor and tracker performanceIEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine, 2013
- Research on position differential method of dual-satellites TDOA and FDOA in passive location systemPublished by Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) ,2012
- On Fast and Accurate Detection of Unauthorized Wireless Access Points Using Clock SkewsIEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, 2009
- Ground-to-air interference analysis in cellular ATG systemsPublished by Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) ,2008
- Enhanced ADS-B ResearchIEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine, 2007
- Augmenting ADS-B with traffic information service-broadcastIEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine, 2003
- Aeronautical channel modelingIEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 2002
- Inflight path planning replacing pure collision avoidance, using ADS-BIEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine, 2001
- Statistical Theory of Passive Location SystemsIEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, 1984
- Consideration of the usefulness of microwave propagation prediction methods on air-to-ground pathsIEE Proceedings F Communications, Radar and Signal Processing, 1983