The underlying neurobiology of key functional domains in young people with mood and anxiety disorders: a systematic review
Open Access
- 23 May 2016
- journal article
- review article
- Published by Springer Science and Business Media LLC in BMC Psychiatry
- Vol. 16 (1), 1-38
- https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-016-0852-3
Abstract
Mood and anxiety disorders are leading causes of disability and mortality, due largely to their onset during adolescence and young adulthood and broader impact on functioning. Key factors that are associated with disability and these disorders in young people are social and economic participation (e.g. education, employment), physical health, suicide and self-harm behaviours, and alcohol and substance use. A better understanding of the objective markers (i.e. neurobiological parameters) associated with these factors is important for the development of effective early interventions that reduce the impact of disability and illness persistence. We systematically reviewed the literature for neurobiological parameters (i.e. neuropsychology, neuroimaging, sleep-wake and circadian biology, neurophysiology and metabolic measures) associated with functional domains in young people (12 to 30 years) with mood and/or anxiety disorders. Of the one hundred and thirty-four studies selected, 7.6 % investigated social and economic participation, 2.1 % physical health, 15.3 % suicide and self-harm behaviours, 6.9 % alcohol and substance use, whereas the majority (68.1 %) focussed on clinical syndrome. Despite the predominance of studies that solely examine the clinical syndrome of young people the literature also provides evidence of distinct associations among objective measures (indexing various aspects of brain circuitry) and other functional domains. We suggest that a shift in focus towards characterising the mechanisms that underlie and/or mediate multiple functional domains will optimise personalised interventions and improve illness trajectories.Funding Information
- National Health and Medical Research Council (AU) (1061043)
- National Health and Medical Research Council (AU) (1061043)
- National Health and Medical Research Council (AU) (1046899)
- National Health and Medical Research Council (AU) (1061043)
This publication has 194 references indexed in Scilit:
- Clinical classification in mental health at the cross-roads: which direction next?BMC Medicine, 2013
- Delayed sleep phase in young people with unipolar or bipolar affective disordersJournal of Affective Disorders, 2013
- Pathways to alcohol-induced brain impairment in young people: A reviewCortex, 2013
- The impact of anxiety upon cognition: perspectives from human threat of shock studiesFrontiers in Human Neuroscience, 2013
- Amygdala response and functional connectivity during emotion regulation: A study of 14 depressed adolescentsJournal of Affective Disorders, 2012
- Impaired Decision Making in Adolescent Suicide AttemptersJournal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 2012
- Differential Patterns of Abnormal Activity and Connectivity in the Amygdala–Prefrontal Circuitry in Bipolar-I and Bipolar-NOS YouthJournal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 2011
- Progression of Amygdala Volumetric Abnormalities in Adolescents After Their First Manic EpisodeJournal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 2011
- Dissociable Patterns of Neural Activity During Response Inhibition in Depressed Adolescents With and Without Suicidal BehaviorJournal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 2011
- Amygdala reactivity is inversely related to level of cannabis use in individuals with comorbid cannabis dependence and major depressionAddictive Behaviors, 2010