Influence of weather on two insectivorous bats in a temperate Pacific Northwest rainforest

Abstract

Adverse weather conditions frequently have a significant negative influence on survival and reproductive success of insectivorous bats. Low ambient temperatures increase the energetic costs of maintaining euthermia and reduces insect activity, while precipitation likely adds “clutter” making prey more difficult to detect using echolocation. We studied two species of insectivorous bats, Myotis lucifugus (LeConte, 1831) and Myotis keenii (Merriam, 1895), in the Pacific Northwest of Canada, a region that experiences frequent cool, wet weather during spring and summer. Our study took place during the El Niño – La Niña cycle of 1998–1999, which resulted in contrasting years. The summer of 1998 was unusually warm and dry, while the summer of 1999 was unusually cool and wet. We predicted that both species would be adversely affected by the cool, wet conditions of 1999, resulting in prolonged gestation, late fledging of young, and lower reproductive success. However, this was not the case. Myotis lucifugus did experience delays in reproductive timing and lower reproductive success in 1999, as predicted, whereas M. keenii experienced much shorter gestations, earlier fledgings, and no difference in reproductive success between years. We hypothesize that the ability of M. keenii to glean prey enables it to better cope with cool, wet conditions.