Isolation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from Open Ocean and Comparison with Freshwater, Clinical, and Animal Isolates
Open Access
- 6 January 2007
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Springer Science and Business Media LLC in Microbial Ecology
- Vol. 53 (2), 173-186
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-006-9059-3
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen responsible for morbidity and mortality in humans, animals, and plants. This bacterium has been regarded to be widely present in terrestrial and freshwater environments, but not in open ocean environments. Our purpose was to clarify its presence in open ocean, and their genotypic and physiological characteristics were compared with those of isolates from clinical, animal, and freshwater sources. Water samples were collected from freshwater, bays, and offshore environments in Japan. Sixty-two isolates, including 26 from the open ocean, were identified as P. aeruginosa by phenotypic characteristics and the BD Phoenix System. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) was performed on all strains, together with 21 clinical and 8 animal strains. The results showed that open ocean strains are composed of a few genotypes, which are separated from other strains. Although some clinical isolates made a cluster, other strains tended to mix together. Different antibiotypes were observed among marine isolates that had similar PFGE and serotyping patterns. Some were multidrug-resistant. Laboratory-based microcosm study were carried out to see the responses of P. aeruginosa toward increased NaCl concentrations in deionized water (DW). Marine strains showed better survival with the increase, whereas river and clinical strains were suppressed by the increase. These findings illustrate the potential significance of open ocean as a possible reservoir of P. aeruginosa, and there may be clones unique to this environment. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the presence and characterization of P. aeruginosa in the open ocean.Keywords
This publication has 45 references indexed in Scilit:
- Global Pseudomonas aeruginosa biodiversity as reflected in a Belgian riverEnvironmental Microbiology, 2005
- Nosocomial Outbreak of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase SHV-5-Producing Isolates ofPseudomonas aeruginosain Athens, GreeceAntimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 2004
- Four‐year survey of urinary tract infections in calves in IsraelVeterinary Record, 2004
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa-Plant Root Interactions. Pathogenicity, Biofilm Formation, and Root ExudationPlant Physiology, 2004
- Evaluation of a new agar medium containing cetrimide, kanamycin and nalidixic acid for isolation and enhancement of pigment production of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in clinical samplesJournal of Basic Microbiology, 2003
- Distribution of the pressure-regulated operons in deep-sea bacteriaFEMS Microbiology Letters, 1998
- Molecular analyses of the sediment of the 11000-m deep Mariana TrenchExtremophiles, 1997
- Environmental gasoline-utilizing isolates and clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa are taxonomically indistinguishable by chemotaxonomic and molecular techniquesMicrobiology, 1996
- The absence of correlation between allozyme andrrnRFLP analysis indicates a high gene flow rate within human clinicalPseudomonas aeruginosaisolatesFEMS Microbiology Letters, 1993
- On the formation of the Kuroshio meander and its relationship to the large-scale ocean circulationDeep Sea Research and Oceanographic Abstracts, 1976