Clinical Spectrum of Reversible Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome

Abstract

Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome (RPLS), also referred to as posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome, is characterized by neuroimaging findings of reversible vasogenic subcortical edema without infarction. Clinical presentation typically involves global encephalopathy, seizures, headache, or visual symptoms.¹ This clinicoradiographic syndrome can be triggered by eclampsia,² hypertensive emergency,³ or exposure to immunosuppression (most notably the calcineurin inhibitors).^4-7 The clinical presentation of RPLS is often nonspecific, and therefore the diagnosis of RPLS has come to increasingly rely on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).