High-resolution DNA methylome analysis of primordial germ cells identifies gender-specific reprogramming in mice
Open Access
- 14 February 2013
- journal article
- Published by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory in Genome Research
- Vol. 23 (4), 616-627
- https://doi.org/10.1101/gr.148023.112
Abstract
Dynamic epigenetic reprogramming occurs during mammalian germ cell development, although the targets of this process, including DNA demethylation and de novo methylation, remain poorly understood. We performed genome-wide DNA methylation analysis in male and female mouse primordial germ cells at embryonic days 10.5, 13.5, and 16.5 by whole-genome shotgun bisulfite sequencing. Our high-resolution DNA methylome maps demonstrated gender-specific differences in CpG methylation at genome-wide and gene-specific levels during fetal germline progression. There was extensive intra- and intergenic hypomethylation with erasure of methylation marks at imprinted, X-linked, or germline-specific genes during gonadal sex determination and partial methylation at particular retrotransposons. Following global demethylation and sex determination, CpG sites switched to de novo methylation in males, but the X-linked genes appeared resistant to the wave of de novo methylation. Significant differential methylation at a subset of imprinted loci was identified in both genders, and non-CpG methylation occurred only in male gonocytes. Our data establish the basis for future studies on the role of epigenetic modifications in germline development and other biological processes.Keywords
This publication has 58 references indexed in Scilit:
- The Dynamics of Genome-wide DNA Methylation Reprogramming in Mouse Primordial Germ CellsMolecular Cell, 2012
- Base-Resolution Analysis of 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine in the Mammalian GenomeCell, 2012
- Transcription and histone methylation changes correlate with imprint acquisition in male germ cellsThe EMBO Journal, 2011
- Tet1 Is Dispensable for Maintaining Pluripotency and Its Loss Is Compatible with Embryonic and Postnatal DevelopmentCell Stem Cell, 2011
- Genome-wide erasure of DNA methylation in mouse primordial germ cells is affected by AID deficiencyNature, 2010
- Human DNA methylomes at base resolution show widespread epigenomic differencesNature, 2009
- CpG islands – ‘A rough guide’FEBS Letters, 2009
- A Maternal-Zygotic Effect Gene, Zfp57, Maintains Both Maternal and Paternal ImprintsDevelopmental Cell, 2008
- Mouse germ cell development during embryogenesisCurrent Opinion in Genetics & Development, 2008
- Initial sequencing and comparative analysis of the mouse genomeNature, 2002