System of Value Orientations of Personality and Social Communities: Structural and Dynamic Model and its Application in Psychological Research and Psychological Practice

Abstract

The present article is an extended version of the report delivered at the meeting of the Presidium of the Russian Academy of Education. The paper introduces an authentic structural and dynamic model of the system of value orientations of the individual and social communities. The model was tested in a series of psychological studies over the past 20 years. The research objective was to verify the authentic structural-dynamic model of value orientations in psychological research and psychological practice. The author used a wide range of psychodiagnostic techniques, focus group research, questionnaire survey, and authentic methodology for the study of the value structure of mass consciousness, etc. The experiments resulted in a set of data that characterize the features of the selected value types, i.e. adapting, socializing, and individualizing. These value types are characterized by a focus on different in their origin and level of development of the value system. They differ in such significant features as the level of meaningfulness of life, internality, and self-actualization. They also have a distinct specificity of the time perspective and life strategy of the individual, as well as the regulation of social behavior. The revealed psychological characteristics of value types open the possibility of forecasting social behavior, as well as the development of technologies for psychological and pedagogical support of the formation of a Pro-social hierarchy of values. The proposed structural-dynamic model is applicable to the characteristics of individual systems of value orientations and the value structure of mass consciousness of different communities. It can explain the patterns of social behavior of community members. The model can be used in psychological science and practice.