Autophagy in health and disease. 2. Regulation of lipid metabolism and storage by autophagy: pathophysiological implications
- 1 May 2010
- journal article
- review article
- Published by American Physiological Society in American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology
- Vol. 298 (5), C973-C978
- https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.00527.2009
Abstract
Autophagy is a lysosomal degradative pathway critical for the removal and breakdown of cellular components such as organelles and proteins. Despite striking similarities in the regulation and function of autophagy and lipid metabolism, the two processes have only recently been shown to be interrelated. This review details new findings of critical functions for autophagy in lipid metabolism and storage. Studies in hepatocytes and liver have demonstrated that macroautophagy mediates the breakdown of lipids stored in lipid droplets and that an inhibition of autophagy leads to the development of a fatty liver. In contrast, in adipocytes the loss of macroautophagy decreases the amount of lipid stored in adipose tissue through effects on white and brown adipocyte differentiation. Other investigations have indicated that the relationship between autophagy and lipids is bidirectional, with changes in cellular lipid content altering autophagic function. These newly described links between autophagy and lipid metabolism and storage have provided new insights into the mechanisms of both processes. The findings also suggest possible new therapeutic approaches to the problems of lipid overaccumulation and impaired autophagy that occur with aging and the metabolic syndrome.Keywords
This publication has 36 references indexed in Scilit:
- Autophagy regulates adipose mass and differentiation in miceJCI Insight, 2009
- Dysfunctional very-low-density lipoprotein synthesis and release is a key factor in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis pathogenesisHepatology, 2009
- Autophagy regulates lipid metabolismNature, 2009
- Differential roles of NHERF1, NHERF2, and PDZK1 in regulating CFTR-mediated intestinal anion secretion in miceJCI Insight, 2009
- The Role of Autophagy in Mammalian Development: Cell Makeover Rather than Cell DeathDevelopmental Cell, 2008
- Presecretory oxidation, aggregation, and autophagic destruction of apoprotein-B: A pathway for late-stage quality controlProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2008
- Loss of Macroautophagy Promotes or Prevents Fibroblast Apoptosis Depending on the Death StimulusPublished by Elsevier BV ,2008
- Lysosome membrane lipid microdomains: novel regulators of chaperone-mediated autophagyThe EMBO Journal, 2006
- Proteolytic and lipolytic responses to starvationNutrition, 2006
- Cytoplasmic Lipid Droplets Are Sites of Convergence of Proteasomal and Autophagic Degradation of Apolipoprotein BMolecular Biology of the Cell, 2006