Ionization of the Direct-Gap Exciton in Photoexcited Germanium

Abstract
The excitonic absorption at the direct gap in Ge is measured as a function of the density and temperature of excitations at the indirect gap. The spectra are analyzed by means of a many-body theory which is valid for arbitrary free-carrier densities. The critical densities for the ionization are determined for temperatures from 8.5 to 60 K and compared with other predictions.