New developments in immunotherapy for pediatric leukemia
- 1 February 2018
- journal article
- review article
- Published by Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) in Current Opinion in Pediatrics
- Vol. 30 (1), 25-29
- https://doi.org/10.1097/mop.0000000000000572
Abstract
Immunotherapy for the treatment of cancer has advanced at a tremendous pace over the last decade. In this review, we provide an overview of recent progress in immunotherapy for the treatment of leukemia, focusing on antibody–drug conjugates (ADC), bi-specific T-cell engagers (BiTE), and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells. Ongoing clinical trials of CAR T cells directed against CD19 have produced complete remission rates as high as 93%, prompting global multicenter phase 2 trials and the first FDA approval of a CAR T-cell therapy. Insights into cytokine release syndrome, a toxicity of CAR T-cell therapy, and the cause for relapse after CAR T-cell therapy are evolving. The bispecific antibody blinatumomab and the ADCs inotuzumab and gemtuzumab have also recently received FDA approval for ALL and AML, respectively, moving these agents into a more prominent role in the relapse setting. The use of immunotherapy for leukemia has been successful in creating durable remissions for multiply relapsed and refractory patients who previously had little chance of cure. The ongoing clinical and preclinical work continues to advance our understanding of these immune-based therapies, and will shape the next generation of clinical trials.Keywords
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