Regulation of immunological homeostasis in the respiratory tract
- 1 February 2008
- journal article
- review article
- Published by Springer Science and Business Media LLC in Nature Reviews Immunology
- Vol. 8 (2), 142-152
- https://doi.org/10.1038/nri2236
Abstract
The respiratory tract has an approximate surface area of 70 m2 in adult humans, which is in virtually direct contact with the outside environment. It contains a uniquely rich vascular bed containing a large pool of marginated T cells, and harbours a layer of single-cell-thick epithelial tissue through which re-oxygenation of blood must occur uninterrupted for survival. It is therefore not surprising that the respiratory tract is never more than a short step away from disaster. We have only a partial understanding of how immunological homeostasis is maintained in these tissues, but it is becoming clear that the immune system has evolved a range of specific mechanisms to deal with the unique problems encountered in this specialized microenvironment.Keywords
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