Phase I Study of S-1 Combined with Irinotecan (CPT-11) in Patients with Advanced Gastric Cancer (OGSG 0002)

Abstract

Objective: A dose-escalation study of irinotecan (CPT-11) combined with S-1, a novel oral fluoropyrimidine, was performed to determine the maximum-tolerated dose (MTD), recommended dose (RD) and dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) in advanced gastric cancer. Methods: S-1 was administered orally at 80 mg/m²/day for 21 consecutive days followed by a 2 week rest. CPT-11 was given intravenously on days 1 and 15 of each course, at an initial dose of 40 mg/m²/day, stepping up to 60, 80, 100 or 120 mg/m²/day depending on the DLT. Courses were repeated every 5 weeks, unless disease progression or severe toxicity was observed. At a level of the RD, five patients were added to conduct a pharmacokinetic (PK) study. Results: A total of 24 patients were entered in this study. The MTD of CPT-11 was considered to be 100 mg/m², because 50% of the patients (3/6) developed DLTs, diarrhea and rash. Therefore, the RD of CPT-11 was set at the dose immediately below 80 mg/m². The overall response rate (RR) by the criteria of the Japanese Research Society of Gastric Cancer was 58.3% (14/24) and the RR at the RD was 66.7% (6/9), suggesting promising clinical efficacy. There were no significant differences between the PK parameters of S-1 on days 10 and 15. Conclusions: S-1 with CPT-11 can be combined safely without CPT-11 effect on S-1 PK data and holds promise as an effective regimen for advanced gastric cancer.