Neurodevelopmental disorders: Cluster 2 of the proposed meta-structure for DSM-V and ICD-11
- 1 October 2009
- journal article
- review article
- Published by Cambridge University Press (CUP) in Psychological Medicine
- Vol. 39 (12), 2013-2023
- https://doi.org/10.1017/s0033291709990274
Abstract
BackgroundDSM-IV and ICD-10 are atheoretical and largely descriptive. Although this achieves good reliability, the validity of diagnoses can be increased by an understanding of risk factors and other clinical features. In an effort to group mental disorders on this basis, five clusters have been proposed. We now consider the second cluster, namely neurodevelopmental disorders.MethodWe reviewed the literature in relation to 11 validating criteria proposed by a DSM-V Task Force Study Group.ResultsThis cluster reflects disorders of neurodevelopment rather than a ‘childhood’ disorders cluster. It comprises disorders subcategorized in DSM-IV and ICD-10 as Mental Retardation; Learning, Motor, and Communication Disorders; and Pervasive Developmental Disorders. Although these disorders seem to be heterogeneous, they share similarities on some risk and clinical factors. There is evidence of a neurodevelopmental genetic phenotype, the disorders have an early emerging and continuing course, and all have salient cognitive symptoms. Within-cluster co-morbidity also supports grouping these disorders together. Other childhood disorders currently listed in DSM-IV share similarities with the Externalizing and Emotional clusters. These include Conduct Disorder, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Separation Anxiety Disorder. The Tic, Eating/Feeding and Elimination disorders, and Selective Mutisms were allocated to the ‘Not Yet Assigned’ group.ConclusionNeurodevelopmental disorders meet some of the salient criteria proposed by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) to suggest a classification cluster.Keywords
This publication has 105 references indexed in Scilit:
- The psychoses: Cluster 3 of the proposed meta-structure for DSM-V and ICD-11Psychological Medicine, 2009
- Exploring the feasibility of a meta-structure for DSM-V and ICD-11: could it improve utility and validity?Psychological Medicine, 2009
- Behavioral disinhibition: Liability for externalizing spectrum disorders and its genetic and environmental relation to response inhibition across adolescence.Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 2009
- A Common Genetic Factor Explains the Covariation Among ADHD ODD and CD Symptoms in 9–10 Year Old Boys and GirlsJournal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 2008
- Childhood Predictors of Adult Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Results from the World Health Organization World Mental Health Survey InitiativeBiological Psychiatry, 2008
- The Genetic Lexicon of DyslexiaAnnual Review of Genomics and Human Genetics, 2007
- Early Pharmacological Treatment of Autism: A Rationale for Developmental TreatmentBiological Psychiatry, 2007
- The Etiology of Mathematical and Reading (Dis)ability Covariation in a Sample of Dutch TwinsTwin Research and Human Genetics, 2005
- One hundred males with Asperger syndrome: a clinical study of background and associated factorsDevelopmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 2004
- A Twin Study of Mathematics DisabilityJournal of Learning Disabilities, 1997