The species composition of higher aquatic plants in water bodies of the Obolon residential area of Kiev was studied for 25 years (in 1990-2015). The species composition of macrophytes of urban water bodies proved to be closely similar to that in the middle reaches of the Dnieper River. On the example of macrophytes of the Redkino and Verbnoye lakes, it has been shown that anthropogenic transformation manifests itself in the decrease in the number of species and in the decrease in their cenotic activity, in changes in relationship between species of various ecological groups, in the formation of polydominant communities, and in a predominance of euryvalent species.