Root-derived CLE glycopeptides control nodulation by direct binding to HAR1 receptor kinase
- 12 August 2013
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Springer Science and Business Media LLC in Nature Communications
- Vol. 4 (1), 2191
- https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms3191
Abstract
Leguminous plants establish a symbiosis with rhizobia to enable nitrogen fixation in root nodules under the control of the presumed root-to-shoot-to-root negative feedback called autoregulation of nodulation. In Lotus japonicus, autoregulation is mediated by CLE-RS genes that are specifically expressed in the root, and the receptor kinase HAR1 that functions in the shoot. However, the mature functional structures of CLE-RS gene products and the molecular nature of CLE-RS/HAR1 signalling governed by these spatially distant components remain elusive. Here we show that CLE-RS2 is a post-translationally arabinosylated glycopeptide derived from the CLE domain. Chemically synthesized CLE-RS glycopeptides cause significant suppression of nodulation and directly bind to HAR1 in an arabinose-chain and sequence-dependent manner. In addition, CLE-RS2 glycopeptide specifically produced in the root is found in xylem sap collected from the shoot. We propose that CLE-RS glycopeptides are the long sought mobile signals responsible for the initial step of autoregulation of nodulation.Keywords
This publication has 37 references indexed in Scilit:
- Molecular Analysis of Legume Nodule Development and AutoregulationJournal of Integrative Plant Biology, 2010
- Long-Distance Control of Nodulation: Molecules and ModelsMolecules and Cells, 2009
- Long-distance signaling to control root nodule numberCurrent Opinion in Plant Biology, 2006
- HAR1 mediates systemic regulation of symbiotic organ developmentNature, 2002
- Shoot control of root development and nodulation is mediated by a receptor-like kinaseNature, 2002
- Short root mutant of Lotus japonicus with a dramatically altered symbiotic phenotypeThe Plant Journal, 2000
- PLANT GENETIC CONTROL OF NODULATIONAnnual Review of Microbiology, 1991
- Early induction of feedback regulatory responses governing nodulation in soybeanPlant Science, 1990
- Lack of Systemic Suppression of Nodulation in Split Root Systems of Supernodulating Soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.) MutantsPlant Physiology, 1989
- Suppression of Nodule Development of One Side of a Split-Root System of Soybeans Caused by Prior Inoculation of the Other SidePlant Physiology, 1984