Endocytotic activity of the free floating cells and epithelial cells in the endolymphatic sac: An electron microscopic study

Abstract

The fine structure and its functional properties of both free floating cells and epithelial cells in the endolymphatic sac after injections of India ink particles or polystyrene latex beads, 0.24 μm in diameter, into the endolymphatic space, were studied using light and electron microscopy. Twenty‐four to 48 hours after injections, these foreign materials had accumulated in the lumen of the endolymphatic sac and a large number of them were ingested into free floating cells, most of which appear to be macrophages. Granular leucocytes taking up the foreign materials into the cytoplasm were also recognized in the sac lumen. A few of these leucocytes passed through the epithelium and migrated to the subepithelial connective tissue, while the others were degenerated and phagocytosed by the free floating cells in the lumen of the sac. In addition to the free floating cells, ink particles, latex beads, and degenerated leucocytes were endocytosed into some of the epithelial cells. As we reported previously, the epithelial cells were clearly classified into two types; type‐1 epithelial cells (cytoorganelle‐rich cells) and type‐2 epithelial cells (filament‐rich cells). The foreign materials and degenerated cells were taken up mainly into the type‐1 epithelial cells, while the type‐2 epithelial cells did not show so marked endocytotic activity in comparison with the type‐1 epithelial cells. Thus, it becomes clear that the endolymphatic sac plays an important role in the endocytotic activity for foreign materials and waste products, and both the free floating cells and the type‐1 epithelial cells of the sac have strong endocytotic activity.