Cobalt-Catalyzed Cyclotrimerization of Alkynes: The Answer to the Puzzle of Parallel Reaction Pathways
- 22 June 2007
- journal article
- research article
- Published by American Chemical Society (ACS) in Journal of the American Chemical Society
- Vol. 129 (28), 8860-8871
- https://doi.org/10.1021/ja072208r
Abstract
To understand some experimental data at odds with the computed mechanism of the CpCo(L2)-catalyzed [2 + 2 + 2] cyclotrimerization of ethyne, DFT computations were carried out following the fate of methyl- and hydroxycarbonyl-substituted alkynes to give the corresponding arenes. The key intermediate in all cases is a triplet cobaltacyclopentadiene obtained by oxidative coupling of the corresponding CpCo(bisalkyne) complex and subsequent spin change via a minimum energy crossing point (MECP). From that species, two different catalytic cycles lead to an arene product, depending on the nature of the alkyne and other ligands present: either alkyne ligation to furnish a cobaltacyclopentadiene(alkyne) intermediate or trapping by a σ-donor ligand to generate a coordinatively saturated cobaltacyclopentadiene(PR3) complex. The former leads to the CpCo-complexed arene product via intramolecular cobalt-assisted [4 + 2] cycloaddition, whereas the latter may, in the case of a reactive dienophile (butynedioic acid), undergo direct intermolecular [4 + 2] cycloaddition to generate a cobaltanorbornene. The bridgehead cobalt atom is then reductively eliminated after another change in spin state from singlet to triplet. The necessary conditions for one or the other mechanistic pathway are elaborated.Keywords
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