Associations between endogenous sex hormone levels and mammographic and bone densities in premenopausal women
- 12 March 2009
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Springer Science and Business Media LLC in Cancer Causes & Control
- Vol. 20 (7), 1039-1053
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-009-9321-3
Abstract
Purpose Mammographic breast and bone mineral densities (BMD) have been associated with luteal phase hormone concentrations in premenopausal women. We assessed the associations of breast and bone densities with follicular phase hormones and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) in premenopausal women, given that follicular phase hormones have been shown to be positively associated with premenopausal breast cancer risk. Methods One hundred and ninety-two 40–45-year-old women provided a spot urine and/or blood sample during the follicular phase. Hormone and SHBG concentrations, and bone density were measured and routine mammograms were accessed and digitized to obtain breast density measures. Regression models were fit to assess the associations between hormones and SHBG, and breast and bone densities. Results Positive associations were observed between percent breast density and SHBG (p trend = 0.02), as well as estradiol (p trend = 0.08), after controlling for body mass index (BMI), number of pregnancies, and breast feeding history. In addition, a statistically significant inverse association was observed between total testosterone and head BMD (p trend = 0.01), after controlling for BMI. Conclusions Associations were observed between breast and bone densities, and serum hormone concentrations during the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle.Keywords
This publication has 42 references indexed in Scilit:
- Daidzein-metabolizing phenotypes in relation to serum hormones and sex hormone binding globulin, and urinary estrogen metabolites in premenopausal women in the United StatesCancer Causes & Control, 2008
- Evaluating Organized Breast Cancer Screening ImplementationCancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention, 2004
- The Oxidative Metabolism of Estradiol Conditions Postmenopausal Bone Density and Bone LossJournal of Bone and Mineral Research, 2000
- Hormonal carcinogenesisCarcinogenesis: Integrative Cancer Research, 2000
- Editorial: Cytokines, Estrogen, and Postmenopausal Osteoporosis--The Second DecadeEndocrinology, 1998
- Bone mineral density and risk of breast cancer in older women: the study of osteoporotic fractures. Study of Osteoporotic Fractures Research GroupPublished by American Medical Association (AMA) ,1996
- Sex steroids, bone mass, and bone loss. A prospective study of pre-, peri-, and postmenopausal women.JCI Insight, 1996
- Quantitative Classification of Mammographic Densities and Breast Cancer Risk: Results From the Canadian National Breast Screening StudyJNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 1995
- ‘Hormonal’ risk factors, ‘breast tissue age’ and the age-incidence of breast cancerNature, 1983
- Calculation of free and bound fractions of testosterone and estradiol-17β to human plasma proteins at body temperatureThe Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 1982