The amazing osteocyte
Top Cited Papers
- 16 December 2010
- journal article
- review article
- Published by Oxford University Press (OUP) in Journal of Bone and Mineral Research
- Vol. 26 (2), 229-238
- https://doi.org/10.1002/jbmr.320
Abstract
The last decade has provided a virtual explosion of data on the molecular biology and function of osteocytes. Far from being the “passive placeholder in bone,” this cell has been found to have numerous functions, such as acting as an orchestrator of bone remodeling through regulation of both osteoclast and osteoblast activity and also functioning as an endocrine cell. The osteocyte is a source of soluble factors not only to target cells on the bone surface but also to target distant organs, such as kidney, muscle, and other tissues. This cell plays a role in both phosphate metabolism and calcium availability and can remodel its perilacunar matrix. Osteocytes compose 90% to 95% of all bone cells in adult bone and are the longest lived bone cell, up to decades within their mineralized environment. As we age, these cells die, leaving behind empty lacunae that frequently micropetrose. In aged bone such as osteonecrotic bone, empty lacunae are associated with reduced remodeling. Inflammatory factors such as tumor necrosis factor and glucocorticoids used to treat inflammatory disease induce osteocyte cell death, but by different mechanisms with potentially different outcomes. Therefore, healthy, viable osteocytes are necessary for proper functionality of bone and other organs. © 2011 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.Keywords
This publication has 110 references indexed in Scilit:
- Mechanical induction of PGE2 in osteocytes blocks glucocorticoid-induced apoptosis through both the β-catenin and PKA pathwaysJournal of Bone and Mineral Research, 2010
- Glucocorticoid-induced autophagy in osteocytesJournal of Bone and Mineral Research, 2010
- Identification of osteocyte‐selective proteinsProteomics, 2010
- Real-time measurement of solute transport within the lacunar-canalicular system of mechanically loaded bone: Direct evidence for load-induced fluid flowJournal of Bone and Mineral Research, 2010
- FGF-23: More than a regulator of renal phosphate handling?Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, 2010
- Osteocyte apoptosis and control of bone resorption following ovariectomy in miceBone, 2010
- Patterns of FGF-23, DMP1, and MEPE expression in patients with chronic kidney diseaseBone, 2009
- Osteocytes, mechanosensing and Wnt signalingBone, 2008
- MEPE expression in osteocytes during orthodontic tooth movementArchives of Oral Biology, 2007
- Mechanism by which MLO-A5 Late Osteoblasts/Early Osteocytes Mineralize in Culture: Similarities with Mineralization of Lamellar BoneCalcified Tissue International, 2006