Chitinase and Fizz Family Members Are a Generalized Feature of Nematode Infection with Selective Upregulation of Ym1 and Fizz1 by Antigen-Presenting Cells
Open Access
- 1 January 2005
- journal article
- Published by American Society for Microbiology in Infection and Immunity
- Vol. 73 (1), 385-394
- https://doi.org/10.1128/iai.73.1.385-394.2005
Abstract
Ym1 and Fizz1 are secreted proteins that have been identified in a variety of Th2-mediated inflammatory settings. We originally found Ym1 and Fizz1 as highly expressed macrophage genes in a Brugia malayi infection model. Here, we show that their expression is a generalized feature of nematode infection and that they are induced at the site of infection with both the tissue nematode Litomosoides sigmodontis and the gastrointestinal nematode Nippostrongylus brasiliensis. At the sites of infection with N. brasiliensis, we also observed induction of other chitinase and Fizz family members (ChaFFs): acidic mammalian chitinase (AMCase) and Fizz2. The high expression of both Ym1 and AMCase in the lungs of infected mice suggests that abundant chitinase production is an important feature of Th2 immune responses in the lung. In addition to expression of ChaFFs in the tissues, Ym1 and Fizz1 expression was observed in the lymph nodes. Expression both in vitro and in vivo was restricted to antigen-presenting cells, with the highest expression in B cells and macrophages. ChaFFs may therefore be important effector or wound-repair molecules at the site of nematode infection, with potential regulatory roles for Ym1 and Fizz1 in the draining lymph nodes.Keywords
This publication has 50 references indexed in Scilit:
- FIZZ1 Stimulation of Myofibroblast DifferentiationThe American Journal of Pathology, 2004
- Bacterial colonization leads to the colonic secretion of RELMβ/FIZZ2, a novel goblet cell-specific proteinGastroenterology, 2003
- Alternative activation of macrophagesNature Reviews Immunology, 2003
- TH2 Cytokines and Allergic Challenge Induce Ym1 Expression in Macrophages by a STAT6-dependent MechanismPublished by Elsevier BV ,2002
- B cells regulate autoimmunity by provision of IL-10Nature Immunology, 2002
- The Crystal Structure of a Novel Mammalian Lectin, Ym1, Suggests a Saccharide Binding SitePublished by Elsevier BV ,2001
- FIZZ1, a novel cysteine-rich secreted protein associated with pulmonary inflammation, defines a new gene familyThe EMBO Journal, 2000
- Cytotoxicity of advanced glycation endproducts is mediated by oxidative stressJournal of Neural Transmission, 1998
- B cells solicit their own help from T cells.The Journal of Experimental Medicine, 1996
- APC from mice harbouring the filarial nematode, Brugia malayi, prevent cellular proliferation but not cytokine productionInternational Immunology, 1996