Structural basis for the high Ca 2+ affinity of the ubiquitous SERCA2b Ca 2+ pump
- 3 November 2009
- journal article
- Published by Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
- Vol. 106 (44), 18533-18538
- https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0906797106
Abstract
Sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca(2+) ATPase (SERCA) Ca(2+) transporters pump cytosolic Ca(2+) into the endoplasmic reticulum, maintaining a Ca(2+) gradient that controls vital cell functions ranging from proliferation to death. To meet the physiological demand of the cell, SERCA activity is regulated by adjusting the affinity for Ca(2+) ions. Of all SERCA isoforms, the housekeeping SERCA2b isoform displays the highest Ca(2+) affinity because of a unique C-terminal extension (2b-tail). Here, an extensive structure-function analysis of SERCA2b mutants and SERCA1a2b chimera revealed how the 2b-tail controls Ca(2+) affinity. Its transmembrane (TM) segment (TM11) and luminal extension functionally cooperate and interact with TM7/TM10 and luminal loops of SERCA2b, respectively. This stabilizes the Ca(2+)-bound E1 conformation and alters Ca(2+)-transport kinetics, which provides the rationale for the higher apparent Ca(2+) affinity. Based on our NMR structure of TM11 and guided by mutagenesis results, a structural model was developed for SERCA2b that supports the proposed 2b-tail mechanism and is reminiscent of the interaction between the alpha- and beta-subunits of Na(+),K(+)-ATPase. The 2b-tail interaction site may represent a novel target to increase the Ca(2+) affinity of malfunctioning SERCA2a in the failing heart to improve contractility.Keywords
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