Global Analysis of Tomato Gene Expression During Potato spindle tuber viroid Infection Reveals a Complex Array of Changes Affecting Hormone Signaling
Open Access
- 1 April 2012
- journal article
- Published by Scientific Societies in Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions®
- Vol. 25 (4), 582-598
- https://doi.org/10.1094/mpmi-09-11-0258
Abstract
Viroids like Potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd) are the smallest known agents of infectious disease—small, highly structured, circular RNA molecules that lack detectable messenger RNA activity, yet are able to replicate autonomously in susceptible plant species. To better understand the possible role of RNA silencing in disease induction, a combination of microarray analysis and large-scale RNA sequence analysis was used to compare changes in tomato gene expression and microRNA levels associated with PSTVd infection in two tomato cultivars plus a third transformed line expressing small PSTVd small interfering RNAs in the absence of viroid replication. Changes in messenger (m)RNA levels for the sensitive cultivar ‘Rutgers’ were extensive, involving more than half of the approximately 10,000 genes present on the array. Chloroplast biogenesis was down-regulated in both sensitive and tolerant cultivars, and effects on mRNAs encoding enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of gibberellin and other hormones were accompanied by numerous changes affecting their respective signaling pathways. In the dwarf cultivar ‘MicroTom’, a marked upregulation of genes involved in response to stress and other stimuli was observed only when exogenous brassinosteroid was applied to infected plants, thereby providing the first evidence for the involvement of brassinosteroid-mediated signaling in viroid disease induction.Keywords
This publication has 65 references indexed in Scilit:
- Differential Tomato Transcriptomic Responses Induced by Pepino Mosaic Virus Isolates with Differential AggressivenessPlant Physiology, 2011
- RNA-based antiviral immunityNature Reviews Immunology, 2010
- agriGO: a GO analysis toolkit for the agricultural communityNucleic Acids Research, 2010
- Interplay between viroid-induced pathogenesis and RNA silencing pathwaysTrends in Plant Science, 2009
- Gibberellin signalingPlanta, 2008
- Deep sequencing of tomato short RNAs identifies microRNAs targeting genes involved in fruit ripeningGenome Research, 2008
- Global Analysis of Arabidopsis Gene Expression Uncovers a Complex Array of Changes Impacting Pathogen Response and Cell Cycle during Geminivirus InfectionPlant Physiology, 2008
- DELLAs Control Plant Immune Responses by Modulating the Balance of Jasmonic Acid and Salicylic Acid SignalingCurrent Biology, 2008
- Down-Regulation of the 26S Proteasome Subunit RPN9 Inhibits Viral Systemic Transport and Alters Plant Vascular DevelopmentPlant Physiology, 2006
- A new model system for tomato geneticsThe Plant Journal, 1997