Differential activation of NF-κB and gene expression in oral epithelial cells by periodontal pathogens
Open Access
- 9 March 2007
- journal article
- Published by Oxford University Press (OUP) in Clinical and Experimental Immunology
- Vol. 148 (2), 307-324
- https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2249.2007.03342.x
Abstract
To investigate the molecular effects of the periodontopathogens Fusobacterium nucleatum (FN) and Porphyromonas gingivalis (PG) on the oral epithelium, the H400 oral epithelial cell line was cultured in the presence of non-viable bacteria. Following confirmation of the presence of transcripts for the bacterial pattern recognition receptors in H400 cells, Toll-like receptors -2, -4 and -9, and components of the NF-κB signalling pathway, immunocytochemical analyses were performed showing that NF-κB was activated within 1 h of exposure to both periodontopathogens. A significantly greater number of NF-κB nuclear translocations were apparent following H400 cell exposure to FN as compared with PG. Gene expression analyses indicated that transcripts known to be regulated by the NF-κB pathway, including cytokines/chemokines TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-8, MCP-1/CCL2 and GM-CSF, were up-regulated following 4 and 24 h of exposure to both periodontopathogens. In addition, H400 periodontopathogen exposure resulted in differential regulation of transcripts for several cytokeratin gene family members. Consistent with the immunocytochemical data, microarray results indicated that FN induced a greater number of gene expression changes than PG following 24 h of exposure, 609 and 409 genes, respectively. Ninety-one genes were commonly differentially expressed by both periodontopathogens and represented biological processes commonly associated with periodontitis. Gene expression analyses by reserve transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) of molecules identified from the microarray data sets, including Heme oxygenase-1, lysyl oxidase, SOD2, CCL20 and calprotectin components, confirmed their differential expression profiles induced by the two periodontopathogens. FN and PG have clearly different molecular effects on oral epithelial cells, potentially highlighting the importance of the composition of the plaque biofilm in periodontitis pathogenesis.Keywords
This publication has 56 references indexed in Scilit:
- Hyperactivity and reactivity of peripheral blood neutrophils in chronic periodontitisClinical and Experimental Immunology, 2006
- IL-32, a novel cytokine with a possible role in diseaseAnnals Of The Rheumatic Diseases, 2006
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis Induces Interleukin-32 Production through a Caspase- 1/IL-18/Interferon-γ-Dependent MechanismPLoS Medicine, 2006
- Gingival epithelial cells heterozygous for Toll-like receptor 4 polymorphisms Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile are hypo-responsive to Porphyromonas gingivalisGenes & Immunity, 2006
- Lysyl Oxidase Is Essential for Normal Development and Function of the Respiratory System and for the Integrity of Elastic and Collagen Fibers in Various TissuesThe American Journal of Pathology, 2005
- Increase of CCL20 expression by human gingival fibroblasts upon stimulation with cytokines and bacterial endotoxinClinical and Experimental Immunology, 2005
- Gene expression profiling of pulpal tissue reveals the molecular complexity of dental cariesBiochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Basis of Disease, 2005
- Host defense in oral and airway epithelia: chromosome 20 contributes a new protein familyThe International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology, 2004
- Calprotectin Expression In Vitro by Oral Epithelial Cells Confers Resistance to Infection byPorphyromonas gingivalisInfection and Immunity, 2001
- Periodontal Diseases: EpidemiologyAnnals of Periodontology, 1996