The emergence of drug resistant HIV variants and novel anti–retroviral therapy
- 31 July 2013
- journal article
- review article
- Published by Medknow in Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine
- Vol. 3 (7), 515-522
- https://doi.org/10.1016/s2221-1691(13)60106-9
Abstract
After its identification in 1980s, HIV has infected more than 30 million people worldwide. In the era of highly active anti-retroviral therapy, anti-retroviral drug resistance results from insufficient anti-retroviral pressure, which may lead to treatment failure. Preliminary studies support the idea that anti-retroviral drug resistance has evolved largely as a result of low-adherence of patients to therapy and extensive use of anti-retroviral drugs in the developed world; however, a highly heterogeneous horde of viral quasi-species are currently circulating in developing nations. Thus, the prioritizing of strategies adopted in such two worlds should be quite different considering the varying anti-retroviral drug resistance prevalence. In this article, we explore differences in anti-retroviral drug resistance patterns between developed and developing countries, as they represent two distinct ecological niches of HIV from an evolutionary standpoint.Keywords
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