Effects of Early Versus Delayed Nutrition on Intestinal Mucosal Apoptosis and Atrophy After Traumatic Brain Injury
- 24 August 2005
- journal article
- Published by Springer Science and Business Media LLC in Surgery Today
- Vol. 35 (9), 751-759
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s00595-005-3034-3
Abstract
To determine the optimal time to start nutritional support after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Rats were divided into six groups of seven. All but one of these groups were subjected to moderate closed head trauma under general anesthesia. Groups Ia and Ib were commenced on immunonutrition and standard enteral nutrition, respectively, 8 h later; groups IIa and IIb were commenced on immunonutrition and standard enteral nutrition, respectively, 72 h later; and group III was commenced on a parenteral saline infusion 8 h later. Group IV was a control group fed a laboratory diet and not subjected to trauma. The rats were killed 7 days later, and ileal segments were examined using light and electron microscopy. We used the deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick end labeling (TUNEL) technique to detect intestinal mucosal apoptosis. Group III had a lower body weight than the other groups (P < 0.005). The mean villous height was highest in groups Ia and IV and lowest in group III. The villi count was lower in groups Ib, IIa, IIb, and III than in group IV (P < 0.005). The apoptotic index counts were higher in groups IIa, IIb, and III than in group IV (P < 0.005). The addition of enriching immunonutrients to early enteral feeding helps preserve an almost normal gut mucosa.Keywords
This publication has 40 references indexed in Scilit:
- Enteral Nutrition in Surgical PatientsSurgery Today, 2002
- Beneficial effects of growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor I on intestinal bacterial translocation, endotoxemia, and apoptosis in experimentally jaundiced ratsJournal of the American College of Surgeons, 2000
- An immune-enhancing enteral diet reduces mortality rate and episodes of bacteremia in septic intensive care unit patientsCritical Care Medicine, 2000
- A Prospective, Randomized Clinical Trial on Perioperative Feeding With an Arginine‐, Omega‐3 Fatty Acid‐, and RNA‐Enriched Enteral Diet: Effect on Host Response and Nutritional StatusJournal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, 1999
- Apoptosis in the intestineGastroenterology, 1996
- Cisapride Prevents Enteric Bacterial Overgrowth and Translocation by Improvement of Intestinal Motility in Rats with Acute Liver FailureEuropean Surgical Research, 1996
- DOES INTRAVENOUS GLUTAMINE PREVENT BACTERIAL TRANSLOCATION IN HEMORRHAGIC SHOCK?Shock, 1994
- Role of early enteral feeding and acute starvation on postburn bacterial translocation and host defenseCritical Care Medicine, 1994
- Increased Gut Blood Flow with Early Enteral Feeding in Burned Guinea PigsJournal of Burn Care & Rehabilitation, 1989
- Effects of Enteral and Parenteral Feeding of Malnourished Rats on Body CompositionJournal Of Trauma-Injury Infection and Critical Care, 1982